Residencia multianual de tres especies de tiburones (Carcharhinus limbatus, C. acronotus y Sphyrna tiburo) en la costa centro occidental de Florida : ¿posible área de crianza?
| dc.contributor.advisor | Polo-Silva, Carlos Julio | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Sanjuan-Muñoz, Adolfo Mario | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Barrera-García, Angélica | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Garzón-Peña, Lina Vanesa | |
| dc.creator | Rivera-Salguero, Jose David | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-08-12T18:56:56Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-08-12T18:56:56Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2024-06-04 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Las áreas de crianza son hábitats específicos que los juveniles de ciertos animales utilizan para sobrevivir durante sus primeras etapas, las más vulnerables. Estas áreas ofrecen protección contra depredadores y acceso a recursos alimentarios. La falta de estandarización en la definición de áreas de crianza para tiburones ha llevado a considerar vastas áreas como tales, basándose únicamente en la presencia de juveniles y neonatos. Para abordar este problema se han establecido tres criterios fundamentales para identificar sitios de crianza para los tiburones: la abundancia, la permanencia y el uso multianual. Los tiburones a menudo exhiben comportamientos de agregación o agrupamiento, que proporcionan beneficios como protección contra depredadores y optimización en la búsqueda de recursos. Estos comportamientos pueden estar relacionados tanto con estrategias reproductivas como con la optimización trófica y presentan la posibilidad de incluir segregación sexual en ambos contextos. Por lo tanto, entre 2013 y 2022 durante los meses de mayo a agosto (verano), se evaluaron los criterios de área de crianza en St. Joseph Sound, Florida, para tres especies: Carcharhinus limbatus, Carcharhinus acronotus y Sphyrna tiburo. Se utilizaron métodos de captura como redes de enmalle, palangre, y caña y carrete. La especie C. limbatus tuvo la mayor abundancia, (n = 580 individuos) predominando los inmaduros (91.6 %), con tallas de 26.5 a 178.0 cm LT, y proporción sexual 1:1 en adultos. Se detectaron 375 individuos C. acronotus con tamaños entre 32.5 y 128.0 cm LT, con el 65.6 % de ejemplares inmaduros y proporción de machos y hembras adultas de 1:1. De S. tiburo se registraron 195 especímenes, predominantemente maduros (98 %), con una segregación sexual marcada de 1.00:0.05 a favor de hembras y tallas de 22.0 a 109.0 cm LT. Además, las tallas mínimas de C. limbatus están por debajo de las tallas de nacimiento previamente registradas, sugiriendo una talla de nacimiento menor para esta especie. Dada la alta densidad y abundancia de los juveniles (0.0718 j ha-1 y 13.28 ± 13.87 j mes-1 para C. limbatus, y 0.0332 j ha-1 y 6.13 ± 8.88 j mes-1 para C. acronotus) en comparación a otros sitios cercanos reportados en la literatura, la permanencia en el área (3.9 ± 0.3 meses por año para C. limbatus y 3.2 ± 0.9 meses por año para C. acronotus), y la constante presencia durante los 10 años en ambas especies, St. Joseph Sound puede ser considerada un área de crianza para estas dos especies del género Carcharhinus, mientras que para S. tiburo, debido a la baja cantidad de juveniles, se podría catalogar como un área de agregación con segregación sexual pronunciada. | spa |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | Nursery areas are specific habitats that juveniles use in order to survive during their most vulnerable early stages. These areas offer protection against predators and access to food resources. The lack of standardization in defining nursery areas for sharks has led to considering vast areas as such, based solely on the presence of juveniles and neonates. In order to address this issue, three fundamental criteria have been established to identify nursery habitats for sharks: abundance, residency, and multi-year use. Sharks often exhibit aggregation or schooling behaviors, providing benefits such as protection against predators and optimization in resource foraging. These behaviors may be related to reproductive strategies and trophic optimization and may involve sexual segregation in both contexts. Therefore, between 2013 and 2022, during the months of May to August (summer), nursery area criteria were evaluated in St. Joseph Sound, Florida, for three species: Carcharhinus limbatus (blacktip), Carcharhinus acronotus (blacknose) and Sphyrna tiburo (bonnethead). Capture methods such as gillnets, longlines, and rod and reel were used. Blacktip had the highest abundance (n = 580 individuals), predominantly immature (91.6 %), with sizes ranging from 26.5 to 178.0 cm TL, and a 1:1 sex ratio in adults. 375 blacknoses were detected, with sizes between 32.5 and 128.0 cm TL, with 65.5 immature specimens and a 1:1 sex ratio in adults. 195 bonnetheads were recorded, predominantly mature (98 %), with marked sexual segregation of 1.00:0.05 in favor of females, and sizes ranging from 22.0 to 109.0 cm TL. Additionally, the minimum sizes of blacktips are below previously recorded birth sizes, suggesting a smaller birth size for this species. Given the high density and abundance (0.0718 j ha-1 and 13.28 ± 13.87 j month-1 for blacktips, and 0.0332 j ha-1 and 6.13 ± 8.88 j month-1 for blacknoses) compared to other nearby sites reported in the literature, the residency in the area (3.9 ± 0.3 months per year for blacktips, and 3.2 ± 0.9 months per year for blacknose), and the constant occurrence over 10 years in both species, St. Joseph Sound may be considered a nursery area for these two species of the genus Carcharhinus, while for bonnetheads, due the low number of juveniles, it might be classified as an aggregation area with pronounced sexual segregation. | spa |
| dc.format.extent | 72 páginas | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12010/34939 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
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| dc.subject | Áreas de agregación | |
| dc.subject | Segregación sexual | |
| dc.subject | Islas de barrera | |
| dc.subject | Hábitats estuarinos | |
| dc.subject | Áreas de crianza | spa |
| dc.subject.keyword | Aggregation area | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Sexual segregation | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Barrier islands | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Estuarine habitats | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Nursery area | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Tiburones - Hábitats | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Áreas de crianza (Zoología) - Evaluación | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Comportamiento animal - Segregación sexual | |
| dc.title | Residencia multianual de tres especies de tiburones (Carcharhinus limbatus, C. acronotus y Sphyrna tiburo) en la costa centro occidental de Florida : ¿posible área de crianza? | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 | spa |
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