Evaluación de la extracción subcrítica de fracciones acuosas de algas pardas presentes en el Caribe Colombianos: un avance hacia la consolidación de una biorrefinería
| dc.contributor.advisor | Puyana Hegedus, Mónica | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Piñeros Castro, Nubia Yineth | |
| dc.creator | González Mejía, Juan Sebastián | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-03-16T22:51:51Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2025-06-13 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Las algas pardas de arribazón del género Sargassum se han convertido en una problemática de orden ambiental, económico y social en las playas del mar Caribe y el Golfo de México. Durante las arribazones masivas, las grandes masas de algas que terminan depositadas en la costa normalmente son incineradas o enterradas para evitar malos olores y afectaciones en la zona litoral. Los estudios sobre el aprovechamiento de este recurso en Colombia son escasos. Las algas de este género son una materia prima promisoria para la obtención de productos de alto valor como carbohidratos sulfatados, polifenoles, fucoxantina y ácidos grasos poliinsaturados como el Ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA), que, por sus importantes actividades biológicas, pueden ser usados en las industrias farmacéutica, cosmética, nutracéutica, entre otras. En este trabajo se evaluó la obtención de distintos compuestos bioactivos a partir de la extracción de sargazo de arribazón con agua subcrítica, bajo el concepto de biorrefinería, resultados que aportan al aprovechamiento de esta biomasa. Se realizaron experimentos utilizando un Diseño Compuesto Central Rotacional (DCCR) de dos variables, temperatura (90-180°C) y tiempo de extracción (30-90 min), teniendo como variables de respuesta la extracción de proteínas, carbohidratos, polifenoles y actividad antioxidante. Se encontró que los mejores resultados para la obtención de carbohidratos fueron 1h a 180°C y para polifenoles, con alta actividad antioxidante, 58 min a 198°C. Adicionalmente, se encontró que, mediante la extracción con agua subcrítica, no se logra una extracción eficiente de la fucoxantina. La extracción de la materia algal sin lavar es mayor respecto al material algal lavado previamente con agua dulce. | |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | Brown seaweed of the Sargassum genus have become an environmental, economic and social problem on beaches of the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. Massive blooms of Sargassum wash ashore and large masses of seaweed are usually incinerated or buried to avoid unpleasant odors and negative impacts on the coastal zone. Studies on the exploitation of this resource in Colombia are scarce. Algae of this genus are a promising material for obtaining high-value products such as sulfated carbohydrates, polyphenols, fucoxanthin, and polyunsaturated fatty acids like DHA, which, due to their significant biological activities, can be used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical industries, among others. In this work, the production of various bioactive compounds from the extraction of beach-cast Sargassum with subcritical water, was evaluated under the concept of a biorefinery. These results contribute to the utilization of this biomass. Experiments were conducted using a two-variable Rotational Central Composite Design (RCCD), temperature (90-180°C) and extraction time (30-90 min), with extraction of proteins, carbohydrates, polyphenols and antioxidant activity as response variables. The best results for obtaining carbohydrates were found to be 1 h at 180°C, and for polyphenols, with high antioxidant activity, 58 min at 198°C. Additionally, it was found that extraction with subcritical water did not achieve an efficient extraction of fucoxanthin. Extraction of unwashed algal material is higher than that of algal material previously washed with fresh water. | |
| dc.format.extent | 27 páginas | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12010/39349 | |
| dc.language.iso | es | |
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| dc.subject | Sargassum | |
| dc.subject | Algas de arribazón | |
| dc.subject | Biorrefinería | |
| dc.subject | Agua subcrítica | |
| dc.subject | Carbohidratos | |
| dc.subject | Polifenoles | |
| dc.subject | Actividad antioxidante | |
| dc.subject | Caribe colombiano | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Sargassum | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Beach-cast algae | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Biorefinery | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Subcritical water | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Carbohydrates | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Polyphenols | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Antioxidant activity | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Colombian Caribbean | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Sargazo - Aprovechamiento | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Biomasa - Procesamiento | |
| dc.subject.lemb | Compuestos bioactivos - Extracción | |
| dc.title | Evaluación de la extracción subcrítica de fracciones acuosas de algas pardas presentes en el Caribe Colombianos: un avance hacia la consolidación de una biorrefinería | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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