Evaluation of simple nucleic acid extraction methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal and saliva specimens during global shortage of extraction kits
Data
2020Autor
Wing-Ho Chu, Allen
Chan, Wan-Mui
Ip, Jonathan Daniel
Chik-Yan Yip, Cyril
Fuk-Woo Chan, Jasper
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
Kai-Wang To, Kelvin
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Resumo
Background: The severe shortage of nucleic acid extraction kits during the current COVID-19 pandemic represents a key limiting factor in testing capacity.
Objectives: This study compared the results of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR using different simple nucleic acid extraction
methods on nasopharyngeal and saliva specimens.
Study design: Fifty nasopharyngeal swab and saliva specimens previously tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were
retrieved. Three different methods of nucleic acid extraction were compared. The first method involves incubating the specimen with proteinase K, and then heat treatment at 98 °C for 5 min (PKH); the second method
involves heat treatment at 98 °C for 5 min without proteinase K pre-incubation (heat only); the third method
involves no pre-processing steps (direct). The products from all 3 methods were tested by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR.
Results: PKH had significantly higher positive rate in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR (80 %) than those of heat only (58 %;
P = 0.001) or direct (56 %; P = 0.002). The median Ct value was significantly earlier for PKH (median Ct: 37.0,
IQR 31.7–40) than that of heat only (median Ct: 40, IQR 36.2–41; P < 0.0001) and direct (median Ct, 37.5; IQR
33.9–41.0; P = 0.0049). Subgroup analysis showed that PKH had higher detection rate, lower limit of detection
and earlier Ct values than the other two groups for both NPS and saliva specimens.
Conclusions: PKH pre-processing resulted in the highest detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, and represents
an alternative method for nucleic acid extraction when commercial extraction kits are not available.
Palabras clave
SARS-CoV-2; Proteinase K; Detection; RT-PCR; COVID-19; Nucleic acid extractionLink para o recurso
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104519Collections
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