Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank
Date
2020Author
Hastie, Claire E.
Mackay, Daniel F.
Ho, Frederick
Celis-Morales, Carlos A.
Vittal Katikireddi, Srinivasa
Niedzwiedz, Claire L.
Jani, Bhautesh D.
Welsh, Paul
Mair, Frances S.
Gray, Stuart R.
O’Donnell, Catherine A.
Gill, Jason MR.
Sattar, Naveed
Pell, Jill P.
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Abstract
Background and aims: COVID-19 and low levels of vitamin D appear to disproportionately affect black
and minority ethnic individuals. We aimed to establish whether blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)
concentration was associated with COVID-19 risk, and whether it explained the higher incidence of
COVID-19 in black and South Asian people.
Methods: UK Biobank recruited 502,624 participants aged 37e73 years between 2006 and 2010. Baseline
exposure data, including 25(OH)D concentration and ethnicity, were linked to COVID-19 test results.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed for the association between
25(OH)D and confirmed COVID-19, and the association between ethnicity and both 25(OH)D and COVID19.
Results: Complete data were available for 348,598 UK Biobank participants. Of these, 449 had confirmed
COVID-19 infection. Vitamin D was associated with COVID-19 infection univariably (OR ¼ 0.99; 95% CI
0.99e0.999; p ¼ 0.013), but not after adjustment for confounders (OR ¼ 1.00; 95% CI ¼ 0.998e1.01;
p ¼ 0.208). Ethnicity was associated with COVID-19 infection univariably (blacks versus whites
OR ¼ 5.32, 95% CI ¼ 3.68e7.70, p-value<0.001; South Asians versus whites OR ¼ 2.65, 95% CI ¼ 1.65
e4.25, p-value<0.001). Adjustment for 25(OH)D concentration made little difference to the magnitude of
the association.
Conclusions: Our findings do not support a potential link between vitamin D concentrations and risk of
COVID-19 infection, nor that vitamin D concentration may explain ethnic differences in COVID-19
infection.
Palabras clave
COVID-19; Vitamin D; EthnicityLink to resource
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.050Collections
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