Carbón activado mediante activación química con ácido fosfórico a partir de la cascarilla de cacao para la captura de CO2
| dc.contributor.advisor | Conde Rivera, Laura Rosa | |
| dc.coverage.spatial | Bogotá D.C., Colombia | spa |
| dc.creator | Gutierrez Lara, Angie Paola | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-03-24T16:54:22Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-03-24T16:54:22Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2019 | |
| dc.description.abstract | La liberación de CO2 en la atmósfera, para satisfacer necesidades energéticas en aplicaciones fijas y móviles, genera gran preocupación debido al impacto que éste ocasiona, ya que es el componente mayoritario de los gases de efecto invernadero, que contribuyen al incremento del calentamiento global y el cambio climático; por lo tanto, se requiere estudiar metodologías para disminuir su impacto. Ante esta problemática se sugiere el desarrollo de un material carbonoso con alta área superficial en que predominen los microporos, mediante la activación química con H3PO4 de la cascarilla de cacao, residuo agroindustrial que no ha sido estudiada como precursor de carbones activados para esta aplicación. Para desarrollar este material se utilizó un diseño factorial 33-1 empleando como variables la relación agente activante a precursor (1:1, 1:1,75 y 1:2,5), la concentración de agente activante en la impregnación (25, 55 y 85%p/v) y la temperatura de carbonización (400 y 600°C); la variable de respuesta fue el índice de yodo, a partir del cual se eligieron las mejores muestras para realizar análisis textural mediante isotermas de adsorción de N2 a 77 K y adsorción de CO2 de 1 a 10 bar a 35°C; además, los materiales fueron caracterizados mediante espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), análisis elemental y análisis próximo. La mayor adsorción de CO2 a 10 bar fue de 4,9 mmol/g, con la muestra obtenida con relación agente a precursor 1:1, concentración de agente activante de 85%p/v y temperatura de carbonización de 600°C, esta muestra presentó el mayor contenido de microporos (0,22 cm3/g) y una superficie específica elevada (960 m2/g), indicando que a la temperatura de carbonización de 600 °C, la concentración de H3PO4 en la impregnación, es la variable que más influye en propiciar microporosidad en los carbones activados y en favorecer su capacidad de adsorción de CO2. | spa |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | The release of CO2 into the atmosphere, to satisfy energy needs in fixed and mobile applications, generates great concern due to its impact, since it is the major component of greenhouse gases, which contribute to the increase of global warming and climate change; therefore, it is necessary to study methodologies to reduce their impact. Then, the development of a carbonaceous material with high surface area and high micropore volume, through chemical activation with H3PO4 of cocoa husk, an agroindustry residue that has not been studied as precursor of activated carbons for this application, is suggested to face this problem. To develop this material a 33-1 factorial experiment design was used, taking as variables the activating reagent to precursor ratio (1: 1, 1: 1.75 and 1: 2.5), the activating reagent concentration in the impregnation (25, 55 and 85% p / v) and the carbonization temperature (400 and 600 ° C); the best samples according to iodine index were chosen to perform textural analysis by N2 adsorption isotherms at 77 K and CO2 adsorption from 1 to 10 bar at 35 ° C; moreover, the materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform (FTIR), elemental analysis and proximate analysis. The highest CO2 adsorption at 10 bar was 4.9 mmol/g, with the sample obtained at reagent-to-precursor ratio 1:1, activating reagent concentration of 85% w/v and carbonization temperature of 600 °C; this sample showed the highest micropore volume (0.22 cm3/g) and a high specific surface area (960 m2/g), indicating that at carbonization temperature of 600 °C, the concentration of H3PO4 is the most important variable to achieve high microporosity of the activated carbons and consequently high CO2 adsorption capacity. | spa |
| dc.description.degreename | Ingeniero Químico | spa |
| dc.description.rda | Requerimientos de sistema: Adobe Acrobat Reader | spa |
| dc.format.extent | 37 páginas | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | image/jepg | spa |
| dc.identifier.instname | instname:Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | reponame:Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano | spa |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12010/8244 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | spa |
| dc.publisher | Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Ingeniería Química | spa |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.local | Abierto (Texto Completo) | spa |
| dc.subject | Activación química | spa |
| dc.subject | Adsorción de dióxido de carbono | spa |
| dc.subject | Cascarilla de cacao | spa |
| dc.subject | Carbón activo | spa |
| dc.subject.keyword | Adsorption of carbon dioxide | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Química, Ingeniería | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Química | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Soluciones (Química) | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Ingeniería química -- Trabajos de grado | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Carbón - Aspectos ambientales | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Dióxido de carbono | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Carbono -- Análisis | spa |
| dc.title | Carbón activado mediante activación química con ácido fosfórico a partir de la cascarilla de cacao para la captura de CO2 | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis | spa |
| dc.type.hasversion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| dc.type.local | Trabajo de grado | spa |
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