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dc.contributor.advisorJauregui-Romero, Guiomar Aminta
dc.contributor.advisorOrozco Berdug, Gilberto Junior
dc.contributor.advisorAguirre Pabón, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.advisorHernández River, Leidy Johanna
dc.coverage.spatialColombiaspa
dc.creatorCacante González, Ariel Alexander
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-12T16:13:03Z
dc.date.available2021-02-12T16:13:03Z
dc.date.created2020
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12010/17246
dc.description.abstractLas poblaciones de la tortuga Caguama (Caretta caretta), han sufrido un fuerte declive asociado principalmente a actividades antrópicas. Para la zona del Caribe colombiano, el Programa de Conservación de Tortugas y Mamíferos Marinos (ProCTMM) realiza actividades en pro de la conservación de la especie como programas de concientización a pescadores, estudios de caracterización de playas, actividades de levante e introducción al medio natural, y realizando trabajos investigativos en diferentes áreas como telemetría, etología y genética, como el presente estudio donde se busca hacer una evaluación de la variabilidad genética y estimar el grado de estructuración en la colonia anidante. Se evaluó la estructura haplotípica de la colonia anidante que se establece en el sector Mendihuaca-Don Diego, analizado la filogeografía y la estructura poblacional de la tortuga C. caretta y a su vez se asoció con las diferentes áreas ecológicas al nivel mundial, mediante el uso del marcador mitocondrial D-loop. Se tomaron muestras de frotis bucal a tortugas en proceso de levante en los años 2017 y 2018, adicionalmente se recopilo información similar para los años 2014 y 2016. Se realizó la extracción utilizando el kit Norgen Biotek Corporation Saliva DNA Collection y la amplificación por PCR usando los primers H950 y LCM15382. Se obtuvieron 74 secuencias que fueron editadas en el programa MEGA 7 hasta un largo de 815 pb, para luego ser comparadas con la base de datos del Centro Nacional para la Información Biotecnológica (NCBI). El análisis filogenético incluyó redes haplotípicas construidas con PoPArt 1.7, usando el análisis de Median Joinig Network, identificando la existencia de cambios temporales en el sector, y un árbol filogenético a partir del modelo evolutivo Tamura parámetro-3. Para la evaluación de la estructura poblacional y el análisis de sus diferentes áreas ecológicas (desarrollo, alimentación, forrajeo y reproducción) se compararon los resultados con información previamente publicada para la especie. Se establecieron unidades taxonómicas a partir de comparaciones pareadas en un análisis molecular de varianza (AMOVA) en Arlequin 3.5.2.2 teniendo en cuenta los valores de ФSC. Las colonias estudiada poseen cuatro haplotipos, CC-A1.4, CC-A2.1, CC-A17.1, CC-A43.1, representativos dentro de los dos grandes haplogrupos el mundo (CC-A1.4 y CC-A2.1), donde su fijación haplotípica y dispersión espacial es anticipada por eventos históricos (ej. Glaciaciones), asimismo sus zonas de forrajeo y reproducción predeterminan sus movimientos a través de corrientes marinas a nivel global, viéndose afectadas por eventos climáticos (ej. Huracanes) y antropogénicos (ej. Destrucción de playas de anidación) logrando así establecer nuevas colonias. Valores altos de diversidad haplotípica (h=0.669) y diversidad nucleotídica (π: 0,02666) en comparación con otras especies de quelonios sugiere un buen estado de variabilidad para la colonia del Caribe. En cuanto a las áreas ecológicas, las zonas de reproducción y forrajeo determinan sus movimientos a lo largo de los océanos, puesto que las tortugas marinas buscan satisfacer sus necesidades básicas y desplazarse por áreas que les brinden la mayor cantidad de beneficios a un menor costo energético, sugiriendo así la existencia de un flujo genético entre las colonias anidantes en las diferentes áreas ecológicas en común.spa
dc.format.extent62 páginasspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozanospa
dc.sourceinstname:Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozanospa
dc.sourcereponame:Expeditio Repositorio Institucional UJTLspa
dc.subjectTortuga caguamaspa
dc.subjectCaretta carettaspa
dc.subjectAnálisis filogenéticospa
dc.subjectRedes haplotípicasspa
dc.titleEstructura haplotípica de la colonia anidante de la tortuga Caguama (Caretta caretta), sector Mendihuaca – Don diego, Caribe colombiano, con énfasis en sus áreas ecológicasspa
dc.type.localTrabajo de grado de maestríaspa
dc.subject.lembTortugas-- Reproducciónspa
dc.subject.lembTortugas--Hábitos y conductaspa
dc.subject.lembCaretta carettaspa
dc.subject.lembFilogeografíaspa
dc.subject.lembTortugas marinasspa
dc.subject.lembVariación genéticaspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.type.hasversioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.identifier.repourlhttp://expeditio.utadeo.edu.cospa
dc.creator.degreeMagister(es) en Ciencias Marinasspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias Marinasspa
dc.publisher.programFacultad de Ciencias Naturales e Ingenieríaspa
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dc.description.hashtag#EstructuraHaplotípicaTortugaCaguamaspa
dc.description.hashtag#EstructuraHaplotípicaColoniaAnidanteTortugaCaguamaspa
dc.description.hashtag#TortugaCaguama(carettacaretta)CaribeColombianospa
dc.format.rda1 recurso en línea (archivo de texto)spa
dc.description.rdaRequerimientos de sistema: Adobe Acrobat Readerspa
dc.description.abstractenglishThe populations of the Caguama turtle (Caretta caretta), have suffered a sharp decline mainly associated with anthropic activities. For the Colombian Caribbean area, the Turtle and Marine Mammal Conservation Program (ProCTMM in spanish) carries out activities for the conservation of the species such as fisheries awareness programs, beach characterization studies, lifting activities and introduction to the natural environment, and conducting research in different areas such as telemetry, ethology and genetics, as the present study where it is sought to make an evaluation of the genetic variability and estimate the degree of structuring in the nesting colony of the country. The haplotypic structure of the nesting colony that is established in the Mendihuaca-Don Diego sector was evaluated, analyzing the phylogeography and the population structure of the turtle C. caretta and in turn it was associated with the different ecological areas worldwide, using the mitochondrial marker D-loop. Samples of oral smears were taken from turtles in the process of being lifted in 2017 and 2018, similar information was also collected for the years 2014 and 2016. Extraction was performed using the Norgen Biotek Corporation Saliva DNA Collection kit and PCR amplification using primers H950 and LCM15382. 74 sequences were obtained that were edited in the MEGA 7 program up to a length of 815 bp, to then be compared with the database of the National Center for Biotechnological Information (NCBI). The phylogenetic analysis included haplotype networks built with PoPArt 1.7, using the Median Joinig Network analysis, identifying the existence of temporary changes in the sector, and a phylogenetic tree based on the Tamura parameter-3 evolutionary model. For the evaluation of the population structure and the analysis of its different ecological areas (development, feeding, foraging and reproduction) the results were compared with previously published information for the species. Taxonomic units were established from paired comparisons in a molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) in Arlequin 3.5.2.2 taking into account the values of ФSC. The colonies studied in Colombia have four haplotypes, CC-A1.4, CC-A2.1, CC-A17.1, CC-A43.1, representative within the two major haplogroups the world (CC-A1.4 and CC -A2.1), where its haplotypic fixation and spatial dispersion is anticipated by historical events (e. glaciations), also its foraging and reproduction zones predetermine its movements through marine currents globally, being affected by climatic events (e. hurricanes) and anthropogenic (e. destruction of nesting beaches) thus establishing new colonies. High values of haplotypic diversity (h = 0.669) and nucleotide diversity (π:0.0266) compared to other species of chelonians suggests a good state of variability for the Caribbean colony. Regarding the ecological areas, the breeding and foraging areas determine their movements along the oceans, since sea turtles seek to satisfy their basic needs and move through areas that provide them with the greatest amount of benefits at a lower energy cost, thus suggesting the existence of a genetic flow between the nesting colonies in the different ecological areas in common.spa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa


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