COVID-19: Poor outcomes in patients with Zinc deficiency
Date
2020Author
Jothimani, Dinesh
Kailasam, Ezhilarasan
Danielraj, Silas
Nallathambi, Balaji
Ramachandran, Hemalatha
Sekar, Padmini
Manoharan, Shruthi
Ramani, Vidyalakshmi
Narasimhan, Gomathy
Kaliamoorthy, Ilankumaran
Rela, Mohamed
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Abstract
Background: Zinc is a trace element with potent immunoregulatory, antiviral properties
and is utilized in the treatment of COVID-19. However, we do not know the clinical
significance of serum Zinc level in COVID-19 patients. Aim: To determine the clinical
significance of serum Zinc in COVID-19 patients and to establish a correlation with disease
severity. Methodology: A prospective study on COVID-19 patients underwent fasting Zinc
level at the time of hospitalisation. An initial comparative analysis was carried out between
COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. Zinc deficiency COVID-19 patients were compared
to those with normal levels. Results: COVID-19 patients (n=47) showed significantly low
Zinc levels compared to healthy controls (n=45), median 74.5 (IQR 53.4-94.6) vs 105.8 (IQR
95.65120.90) µg/dl, P<0.001. Amongst COVID-19 positive patients, 27 (57.4%) were found
Zinc deficient. These patients were found to have higher complications (P=0.009), ARDS
(18.5% vs 0%, P=0.06), received corticosteroid therapy (P=0.02), prolonged hospital stay
(P=0.05) and increased mortality (18.5% vs 0%, P=0.06). The Odds ratio (OR) of developing
complications in Zinc deficient COVID-19 patients was 5.54. Conclusion: Our data clearly
shows that significant number of COVID-19 patients are Zinc deficient. These Zinc deficient
patients developed more complications with prolonged hospital stay and were associated
with increased mortality.
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.014Collections
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