Immunological and inflammatory profiles in mild and severe cases of COVID-19
Date
2020-07-08Author
Song, Jin-Wen
Zhang, Chao
Fan, Xing
Meng, Fan-Ping
Xu, Zhe
Xia, Peng
Cao, Wen-Jing
Yang, Tao
Dai, Xiao-Peng
Wang, Si-Yu
Xu, Ruo-Nan
Jiang, Tian-Jun
Li, Wen-Gang
Zhang, Da-Wei
Zhao, Peng
Shi, Ming
Agrati, Chiara
Ippolito, Giuseppe
Maeurer, Markus
Zumla, Alimuddin
Wang, Fu-Sheng
Zhang, Ji-Yuan
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COVID-19 is associated with 5.1% mortality. Although the virological, epidemiological, clinical, and management outcome features of COVID-19 patients have been defined rapidly, the inflammatory and immune profiles require definition as they influence pathogenesis and clinical expression of COVID-19. Here we show lymphopenia, selective loss of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells, excessive T-cell activation and high expression of T-cell inhibitory molecules are more prominent in severe cases than in those with mild disease. CD8+ T cells in patients with severe disease express high levels of cytotoxic molecules. Histochemical studies of lung tissue from one fatality show sub-anatomical distributions of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and massive infiltration of T cells and macrophages. Thus, aberrant activation and dysregulation of CD8+ T cells occur in patients with severe COVID-19 disease, an effect that might be for pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and indicate that immune-based targets for therapeutic interventions constitute a promising treatment for severe COVID-19 patients.
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-17240-2#article-infoCollections
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