Assessing the relationship between surface levels of PM2.5 and PM10 particulate matter impact on COVID-19 in Milan, Italy
Date
2020Author
Zoran, Maria A.
Savastru, Roxana S.
Savastru, Dan M.
Tautan, Marina N.
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Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly pathogenic, transmittable and invasive pneumococcal disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in December
2019 and January 2020 in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China and fast spread later on the middle of February
2020 in the Northern part of Italy and Europe.
This study investigates the correlation between the degree of accelerated diffusion and lethality of COVID-19 and
the surface air pollution in Milan metropolitan area, Lombardy region, Italy. Daily average concentrations of
inhalable particulate matter (PM) in two size fractions PM2.5, PM10 and maxima PM10 ground level atmospheric
pollutants together air quality and climate variables (daily average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed,
atmospheric pressure field and Planetary Boundary Layer-PBL height) collected during 1 January–30 April 2020
were analyzed. In spite of being considered primarily transmitted by indoor bioaerosols droplets and infected
surfaces, or direct human-to-human personal contacts, it seems that high levels of urban air pollution, weather
and specific climate conditions have a significant impact on the increased rates of confirmed COVID-19 Total
number, Daily New and Total Deaths cases, possible attributed not only to indoor but also to outdoor airborne
bioaerosols distribution. Our analysis demonstrates the strong influence of daily averaged ground levels of particulate matter concentrations, positively associated with average surface air temperature and inversely related
to air relative humidity on COVID-19 cases outbreak in Milan. Being a novel pandemic coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) version, COVID-19 might be ongoing during summer conditions associated with higher temperatures and
low humidity levels. Presently is not clear if this protein “spike” of the new coronavirus COVID-19 is involved M.A. Zoran et al. / Science of the Total Environment 738 (2020) 139825
Palabras clave
Coronavirus COVID-19; Particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10); Air quality; Meteorological parameters; NOAA satellite dataLink to resource
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139825Collections
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